OpenSCAD
This modeller uses a C-like programming language to create models. For example, to create a 20mm cube you type cube([20,20,20]);
Install with:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:openscad/releases
sudo apt update
sudo apt install openscad
Run with openscad
I also find the scad-utils repository to be useful, the morphology plugin has a fillet tool: https://github.com/openscad/scad-utils
OpenSCAD website: http://www.openscad.org/
OpenSCAD documentation: https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/OpenSCAD_User_Manual/The_OpenSCAD_Language
FreeCAD
A graphical modeller. This has many more features than OpenSCAD though I don't like the interface as much. A good workflow might be to make shapes in OpenSCAD and then import into FreeCAD to polish.
Install with:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:freecad-maintainers/freecad-stable
sudo apt update
sudo apt install freecad
Run with freecad
FreeCAD website: http://www.freecadweb.org/
FreeCAD documentation: https://www.freecadweb.org/wiki/Main_Page
gCAD3D
This looks like a simpler version of FreeCAD
A deb package download is provided on the website for 32-bit and 64-bit.
Once downloaded, install with:
sudo dpkg -i gCAD3D*.deb
Run with gcad3d
gCAD3D website: http://www.gcad3d.org/
gCAD3D documentation: http://www.gcad3d.org/doc/html/index_en.htm
Blender
I have not played with this much yet, but it's very popular
Install with:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:thomas-schiex/blender
sudo apt update
sudo apt install blender
Run with blender
Blender website: https://www.blender.org/
Blender support and docs: https://www.blender.org/support/